Alsar Kya Hai: Ulcer Ke Lakshan, Karan, aur Ilaaj (What are Ulcers: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment)

Aapne aksar “alsar” ya “ulcer” ke baare mein suna hoga, lekin kya aap jaante hain ki ye kya hai aur isse kaise bacha ja sakta hai? Chaliye, hum aapko is dardnaak pareshani ke baare mein sab kuch batate hain.

Alsar Kya Hota Hai?

Alsar, jise angrezi mein “ulcer” kehte hain, ek tarah ka ghav ya chhala hota hai jo aapke sharir ke andar ki satah par banta hai. Ye ghav aksar pet, food pipe (esophagus), ya chhoti aant mein hote hain. Ye chhote ya bade ho sakte hain aur bahut dardnaak ho sakte hain.

Alsar (Ulcer) ek open sore ya wound होता hai jo पेट (stomach), छोटी आंत (small intestine), ya अन्नप्रणाली (esophagus) की inner lining में develop होता hai. Ye तब होता hai jab पेट का acid (गैस्ट्रिक एसिड) इन sensitive areas की protective mucus layer को damage कर देता hai.

Alsar Ke Mukhya Prakar

Alsar (Ulcer) ke mukhya prakar digestive system ke alag-alag hisson mein develop hote hain, jinke causes aur symptoms bhi alag hote hain. Ye sabse common types hain:

1. गैस्ट्रिक अल्सर (Stomach Ulcer)

• Location: पेट की अंदरूनी परत (stomach lining) में।
• Causes:
• H. pylori bacteria का infection
• NSAIDs (painkillers) का लंबे समय तक use
• अधिक एसिडिक खाना या stress
• Symptoms:
• खाने के बाद पेट में दर्द/जलन
• उल्टी, वजन कम होना

2. डुओडेनल अल्सर (Duodenal Ulcer)

• Location: छोटी आंत का पहला हिस्सा (duodenum)
• Causes:
• H. pylori infection (90% cases)
• अत्यधिक gastric acid secretion
• Symptoms:
• खाली पेट या रात में दर्द बढ़ना
• खाने के बाद आराम मिलना

3. इसोफेगल अल्सर (Esophageal Ulcer)

• Location: अन्नप्रणाली (esophagus) में
• Causes:
• GERD (एसिड reflux)
• अधिक alcohol/smoking
• Symptoms:
• सीने में जलन, निगलने में दिक्कत
• खून की उल्टी

4. पेप्टिक अल्सर (Peptic Ulcer)

• Types:Gastric, Duodenal, और Esophageal ulcers को combined term
• Causes:
• H. pylori + अत्यधिक acid secretion
• Treatment: Antibiotics + acid-reducing meds

अन्य प्रकार (Other Types):

• मुंह के छाले (Mouth Ulcers): जीभ/गालों में छोटे घाव
• पैर के अल्सर (Leg Ulcers):
• Venous (नसों की कमजोरी से) vs. Arterial (रक्त प्रवाह कम होने से)
• Stress Ulcers: गंभीर बीमारी/चोट के बाद पेट/duodenum में

नोट: Gastric और Duodenal ulcers sabse common hain. Agar koi symptoms dikhe toh doctor se consult karein, kyunki untreated ulcers internal bleeding ya perforation ka risk badha dete hain

Alsar Ke Lakshan (Symptoms)

Ulcer ke lakshan uski jagah aur gambhirta par nirbhar karte hain. Aam lakshan mein shamil hain:

• Pet mein Jalan (Burning Sensation): Yeh sabse aam lakshan hai. Pet ke beech mein ya chhati ke niche jalan ho sakti hai.
• Pet Dard: Yeh dard khaane ke baad ya khaali pet ho sakta hai.
• Matli aur Ulti: Ulcer ki wajah se kai baar matli aur ulti ki shikayat hoti hai.
• Khoon ki Ulti ya Paakhaane mein Khoon: Yeh ek gambhir lakshan hai aur turant doctor ko dikhana chahiye.

Alsar Ke Karan (Causes)

Kai chizen alsar hone ka karan ban sakti hain:

• H. pylori Infection: Yeh bacteria pet ki andar ki satah ko nuksaan pahunchata hai aur alsar banata hai.
• Dard Nivarak Davaiyan: Kuch dard nivarak dawaiyan, jaise ki aspirin aur ibuprofen, zyada lene se alsar ho sakta hai.
• Zyada Sharab Peena: Sharab pet ki lining ko irritate kar sakti hai.
• Dhuaan (Smoking): Dhuaan se bhi alsar ka khatra badhta hai.
• Stress: Kai baar stress ke karan bhi alsar ho sakta hai.

Alsar Ka Nidan (Diagnosis of Ulcers)

Doctor aapke lakshan sunenge aur kuch tests kar sakte hain:

• Endoscopy: Yeh test mein doctor ek patli tube pet mein daalte hain jisse ulcer dekha ja sakta hai.
• H. Pylori Test: Yeh test bacteria ki maujoodgi check karta hai.
• Blood Test, Stool Test: Yeh test aur jaankari dete hain.

Alsar Ka Ilaaj (Treatment)

Alsar ka ilaaj uske karan par nirbhar karta hai. Aam taur par, ilaaj mein shamil ho sakta hai:

• Antibiotics: Agar H. pylori infection hai toh antibiotics diye jaate hain.
• Acid-Reducing Medicines: Yeh dawaiyan pet mein acid ki matra kam karti hain.
• Lifestyle Changes: Sharab aur dhuaan chhodna, stress kam karna, aur swasth aahar lena bhi faydemand hota hai.

Alsar Ke Liye Gharelu Nuskhe (Home Remedies for Ulcers)

Note: Gharelu nuskhe doctor ki salah ke saath istemaal karein.

Alsar Se Bachne Ke Upay

• Swachhta Ka Khayal Rakhein: Hamesha khana khaane se pehle aur baad mein apne haath dhoyen.
• Swasth Aahar Lein: Taaza phal, sabziyan, aur whole grains apne aahar mein shamil karein.
• Masaledar aur Taley Bhune Khaane Se Parhez Karein: Yeh khaane pet ki lining ko irritate kar sakte hain.
• Stress Kam Karein: Yoga, meditation, aur exercise stress ko kam karne mein madadgar hote hain.

Informative Table: Alsar ke Aam Lakshan

Disclaimer: Yeh article sirf jaankari ke liye hai aur kisi bhi tarah se doctor ki salah ka badal nahi hai. Agar aapko alsar ke lakshan mehsoos ho rahe hain to turant apne doctor se sampark karein.